RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Despite the authorities' efforts to promote responsible driving, traffic accidents are a notable cause of death in many countries. Scientific research shows that variables such as alcohol abuse and personality dimensions can contribute to explaining this social phenomenon and the rising number of traffic offences. The present study aims to explore how alcohol abuse, personality disorders and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) are associated with risky driving behaviour. METHOD: The sample included 300 subjects: the study group (199 convicted of traffic offences) and the control group (101 subjects from the general driving population). The tools used were the International Personality Disorder Scale, the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test and the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS). RESULTS: A higher incidence of signs of paranoid, antisocial, impulsive, borderline and anxious personality traits was detected for the study group, as well as a higher prevalence of alcohol abuse. CONCLUSIONS: This research offers indications for the design of effective preventive and reinsertion interventions. It also highlights the importance of considering psychological dimensions to ensure road safety.
Asunto(s)
Alcoholismo , Trastorno por Déficit de Atención con Hiperactividad , Criminales , Adulto , Consumo de Bebidas Alcohólicas/epidemiología , Trastorno por Déficit de Atención con Hiperactividad/diagnóstico , Trastorno por Déficit de Atención con Hiperactividad/epidemiología , Humanos , Personalidad , Trastornos de la Personalidad/complicacionesRESUMEN
Background: Despite the authorities efforts to promote responsible driving, traffic accidents are a notable cause of death in many countries. Scientific research shows that variables such as alcohol abuse and personality dimensions can contribute to explaining this social phenomenon and the rising number of traffic offences. The present study aims to explore how alcohol abuse, personality disorders and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) are associated with risky driving behaviour. Method: the sample included 300 subjects: the study group (199 convicted of traffic offences) and the control group (101 subjects from the general driving population). The tools used were the International Personality Disorder Scale, the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test and the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS). Results: a higher incidence of signs of paranoid, antisocial, impulsive, borderline and anxious personality traits was detected for the study group, as well as a higher prevalence of alcohol abuse. Conclusions: this research offers indications for the design of effective preventive and reinsertion interventions. It also highlights the importance of considering psychological dimensions to ensure road safety.(AU)
Antecedentes: Los accidentes de tráfico son una causa de muerte en muchos países, pese a los esfuerzos por promover una conducción responsable. La investigación sobre el problema muestra que variables como el abuso de alcohol y dimensiones de personalidad, contribuyen a explicar este fenómeno social y el aumento de la delincuencia vial. El propósito de este estudio es explorar cómo el abuso de alcohol, los trastornos de la personalidad y el Trastorno por Déficit de Atención e Hiperactividad (TDHA) se asocian a conductas de riesgo al volante. Método: Participaron 300 sujetos: un grupo de estudio (199 personas condenadas por delitos viales) y otro control (101 sujetos extraídos de la población general de conductores). Los instrumentos utilizados fueron el examen internacional de trastornos de la personalidad (IPDE), el cuestionario de identificación de trastornos por consumo de alcohol (AUDIT) y el cuestionario autoinformado de cribado del TDAH. Resultados: el grupo estudio presentó mayor incidencia de indicios de trastornos de personalidad paranoide, disocial, impulsivo, límite y ansioso; así como mayor prevalencia de abuso de alcohol. Conclusiones: El estudio ofrece claves para construir intervenciones preventivas y de reinserción eficaces, enfatizando la relevancia de dimensiones psicológicas para garantizar la seguridad en las vías públicas.(AU)
